In a typical Canadian house, the **floor structure** consists of several layers, depending on the specific flooring material. Here's a simple breakdown from top to bottom for a standard floor with **tile**:
1. **Tile**: The topmost layer for aesthetics and durability (can be ceramic, porcelain, etc.).
2. **Tile Mortar or Adhesive**: The material used to bond the tile to the surface below.
3. **Underlayment**: Usually a cement board (like Durock or HardieBacker), providing a stable base for the tile and preventing cracking.
4. **Moisture Barrier (optional)**: In areas like bathrooms, a waterproof membrane may be applied to prevent water damage.
5. **Subfloor**: Often plywood or OSB (oriented strand board), serving as the primary structural layer supporting the underlayment and flooring.
6. **Joists**: Horizontal structural beams that support the subfloor and the weight of the entire floor system.
Each of these layers ensures stability, durability, and moisture protection, crucial in Canada's varying climates. Some floors may include additional layers like **insulation** (especially in cold regions) to maintain energy efficiency.
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